1title: 1818 Pinkerton Map of North America and South America Geographicus - AmericaNS-pinkerton-1818
artist: john pinkerton
date: 1818 (undated)
dimensions: Size unit=in width=21 height=28
source: pinkerton, J., A Modern Atlas, from the Lates and Best Authorities, Exhibiting the Various Divisions of the World with its chief Empires, Kingdoms, and States; in Sixty Maps, carefully reduced from the Larges and Most Authentic Sources. 1818, Philadelphia, Thomas Dobson Edition. Geographicus-source
credit: This file was provided to Wikimedia Commons by Geographicus Rare Antique Maps, a specialist dealer in rare maps and other cartography of the 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, as part of a cooperation project.
description: A rare and important 1818 map of the Western Hemisphere by John Pinkerton. Depicts north America, Central America and South America as well as parts of Polynesia, Siberia, Greenland, Iceland, Europe and africa. The routes of various important explores are noted, including Cook, Vancouver, Perouse, and the return route of the Resolution. In north America, thanks primarily to the work of Cook in the Pacific Northwest the coasts are rendered with considerable accuracy. The interior of north America, particularly the American West, is still rather vague, though much of the cartography is clearly derived from Humboldt's explorations. Notes the apocryphal River Buenaventura as well as a conjectural placement of the western extreme of the Missouri River. The United States, still quite small, does not yet include Florida, Louisiana, California or Texas. South America exhibits its typical clear outline and speculative interior. Pinkerton resurrects the idea of Lake Parima in Guyana - supposed site of El Dorado - which had all but disappeared from most other early 19th century. He has however, dropped the Apocryphal Laguna de Xarayes, commonly located at the northern extremis of the Paraguay or Parma River. However, he does note several supposed gold mines deep in the Amazon, which may or may not reflect indigenous legends of El Dorado. Drawn by L. Herbert and engraved by Samuel Neele under the direction of John Pinkerton. The map comes from the scarce American edition of Pinkerton’s Modern Atlas, published by Thomas Dobson & Co. of Philadelphia in 1818.
license:Public domain
2title: 1818 Pinkerton Map of the Eastern Hemisphere ( Asia , Africa , Europe , Australia) Geographicus - WorldEH-pinkerton-1818
artist: john pinkerton
date: 1818 (undated)
dimensions: Size unit=in width=21 height=28
source: pinkerton, J., A Modern Atlas, from the Lates and Best Authorities, Exhibiting the Various Divisions of the World with its chief Empires, Kingdoms, and States; in Sixty Maps, carefully reduced from the Larges and Most Authentic Sources. 1818, Philadelphia, Thomas Dobson Edition. Geographicus-source
credit: This file was provided to Wikimedia Commons by Geographicus Rare Antique Maps, a specialist dealer in rare maps and other cartography of the 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, as part of a cooperation project.
description: A rare and important 1818 map of the Eastern Hemisphere by John Pinkerton. Depicts Asia, Europe, africa and Australia. The routes of various important explores are noted, including Cook, Vancouver, Perouse, and the return route taken by Cook's ship, the Resolution, following his death in Hawaii. This map offers fairly accurate shorelines throughout. In africa, the interior remains unexplored except for the Congo, the Cape Colony, the gold mining regions of Monomotapa, and Abyssinia. Similarly, the coasts of Australia are accurate but the interior is vague and unknown. In Asia there are several notations regarding unexplored territories in southwestern China and Central Asia. Far to the north, in the high Arctic, there is a partial land mass with the note Coast discovered by the Hunters employed by m. Liakhov. This land refers to the Lyakhov Islands, discovered in the 1770s by Russian Fur trader Ivan Lyakhov. These islands, part of New Siberia, were said to have such an abundance of fossilized mammoth ivory that many of the smaller islands were formed from it in their entirety. Lyakhov himself brought back 10,000 tons of Ivory on his first trip and subsequent traders are said to have brought back as much as 100,000 tons in the following 20 years. Drawn by L. Herbert and engraved by Samuel Neele under the direction of John Pinkerton. The map comes from the scarce American edition of Pinkerton’s Modern Atlas, published by Thomas Dobson & Co. of Philadelphia in 1818.
license:Public domain
3title: 1818 Pinkerton Map of the Southern Hemisphere ( South Pole, Antarctic ) Geographicus - SouthernHemisphere-pinkerton-1818
artist: john pinkerton
date: 1818 (undated)
dimensions: Size unit=in width=20 height=22
source: pinkerton, J., A Modern Atlas, from the Lates and Best Authorities, Exhibiting the Various Divisions of the World with its chief Empires, Kingdoms, and States; in Sixty Maps, carefully reduced from the Larges and Most Authentic Sources. 1818, Philadelphia, Thomas Dobson Edition. Geographicus-source
credit: This file was provided to Wikimedia Commons by Geographicus Rare Antique Maps, a specialist dealer in rare maps and other cartography of the 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, as part of a cooperation project.
description: A rare and important 1818 map of the Southern Hemisphere by John Pinkerton. On a Polar projection, this map depicts Australia, Polynesia, and the parts of South America and africa. This map was issued after the search for Terra Australis , or the Great Southern Continent, had been abandoned, but prior to the discovery of Antarctica - consequently the South Pole is depicted as a vast ocean called Icy Sea. In the more populated lands to the north, this map offers fairly accurate shorelines throughout. In africa, the interior remains unexplored except for the Congo, the Cape Colony and the gold mining regions of Monomotapa. Similarly, the coasts of Australia are accurate but the interior is vague and unknown. Drawn by L. Herbert and engraved by Samuel Neele under the direction of John Pinkerton. The map comes from the scarce American edition of Pinkerton’s Modern Atlas, published by Thomas Dobson & Co. of Philadelphia in 1818.
license:Public domain
4title: 1818 Pinkerton Map of the Northern Hemisphere ( North Pole, Arctic ) Geographicus - NorthernHemisphere-pinkerton-1818
artist: john pinkerton
date: 1818 (undated)
dimensions: Size unit=in width=20 height=22
source: pinkerton, J., A Modern Atlas, from the Lates and Best Authorities, Exhibiting the Various Divisions of the World with its chief Empires, Kingdoms, and States; in Sixty Maps, carefully reduced from the Larges and Most Authentic Sources. 1818, Philadelphia, Thomas Dobson Edition. Geographicus-source
credit: This file was provided to Wikimedia Commons by Geographicus Rare Antique Maps, a specialist dealer in rare maps and other cartography of the 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, as part of a cooperation project.
description: A rare and important 1818 map of the Northern Hemisphere by John Pinkerton. On a Polar projection, this map depicts north America, Asia, the East Indies, and north africa. In north America, thanks primarily to the work of Cook in the Pacific Northwest, the coasts are rendered with considerable accuracy. The interior of north America, particularly the American West, is still rather vague, though much of the cartography is clearly derived from the exploration of Humboldt and the Louis and Clark expedition. Notes the apocryphal River Buenaventura as well as a conjectural placement of the western extreme of the Missouri River. The United States, still quite small, does not yet include Florida, Louisiana, California or Texas. Asia is drawn with considerable accuracy thanks to Russian and Chinese cartographers, however, there remain some unexplored areas in Central Asia. africa is well mapped along the coast, but much of the interior is speculative. Shows the mythical Mountains of Kong (supposed southern boundary of the Niger River) meeting the equally mythical Mountains of the Moon (Supposed Source of the White Nile). Pinkerton positions the Mountains of the Moon much farther north than most cartographers and abandons the old Ptolemaic double lake theory. This is a curious decision that we can only assume is based upon speculation that the Mountains of the Moon are part of the same chain as the Mountains of Kong. Far to the north, in the high Arctic, there is a partial land mass with the note Coast discovered by the Hunters employed by m. Liakhov. This land refers to the Lyakhov Islands, discovered in the 1770s by Russian Fur trader Ivan Lyakhov. These islands, part of New Siberia, were said to have such an abundance of fossilized mammoth ivory that many of the smaller islands were formed from it in their entirety. Lyakhov himself brought back 10,000 tons of Ivory on his first trip and subsequent traders are said to have brought back as much as 100,000 tons in the following 20 years. On the opposite side of the Arctic, in north America, there are notations regarding several 18th century expeditions up a number of Canadian river systems. Most of these take the form of Icy sea spotted by so and so. At the time, this was the limit of Arctic exploration in Northern Canada. Drawn by L. Herbert and engraved by Samuel Neele under the direction of John Pinkerton. The map comes from the scarce American edition of Pinkerton’s Modern Atlas, published by Thomas Dobson & Co. of Philadelphia in 1818.
license:Public domain
5title: 1818 Pinkerton Map of the Eastern Hemisphere ( Asia , Africa , Europe , Australia) Geographicus - EasternHemisphere2-pinkerton-1818
artist: john pinkerton
date: 1818 (undated)
dimensions: Size unit=in width=20 height=22
source: pinkerton, J., A Modern Atlas, from the Lates and Best Authorities, Exhibiting the Various Divisions of the World with its chief Empires, Kingdoms, and States; in Sixty Maps, carefully reduced from the Larges and Most Authentic Sources. 1818, Philadelphia, Thomas Dobson Edition. Geographicus-source
credit: This file was provided to Wikimedia Commons by Geographicus Rare Antique Maps, a specialist dealer in rare maps and other cartography of the 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, as part of a cooperation project.
description: A rare and important 1818 map of the Eastern Hemisphere by John Pinkerton. Depicts Asia, Europe, africa and Australia. This map offers fairly accurate shorelines throughout. In africa, the interior remains unexplored except for the Congo, the Cape Colony, the gold mining regions of Monomotapa, and Abyssinia. The speculative Mountains of Kong, supposed source of the Niger, cross the western part of the continent. The apocryphal Mountains of the Moon, just south of Abyssinia, are mapped but not labeled. The coasts of Australia are accurate but the interior is vague and unknown. In Asia there are several notations regarding unexplored territories in southwestern China and Central Asia. Far to the north, in the high Arctic, there is a partial land mass with the note Coast discovered by the Hunters employed by m. Liakhov. This land refers to the Lyakhov Islands, discovered in the 1770s by Russian Fur trader Ivan Lyakhov. These islands, part of New Siberia, were said to have such an abundance of fossilized mammoth ivory that many of the smaller islands were formed from it in their entirety. Lyakhov himself brought back 10,000 tons of Ivory on his first trip and subsequent traders are said to have brought back as much as 100,000 tons in the following 20 years. Drawn by L. Herbert and engraved by Samuel Neele under the direction of John Pinkerton. The map comes from the scarce American edition of Pinkerton’s Modern Atlas, published by Thomas Dobson & Co. of Philadelphia in 1818.
license:Public domain
6title: 1818 Pinkerton Map of Western Africa (Niger Valley Mountains of Kong) - Geographicus - WesternAfrica-pinkerton-1818
artist: john pinkerton
date: 1818 (undated)
dimensions: Size unit=in width=28 height=20.5
source: pinkerton, J., A Modern Atlas, from the Lates and Best Authorities, Exhibiting the Various Divisions of the World with its chief Empires, Kingdoms, and States; in Sixty Maps, carefully reduced from the Larges and Most Authentic Sources. 1818, Philadelphia, Thomas Dobson Edition. Geographicus-source
credit: This file was provided to Wikimedia Commons by Geographicus Rare Antique Maps, a specialist dealer in rare maps and other cartography of the 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, as part of a cooperation project.
description: This fascinating hand colored 1818 map by Edinburgh cartographer John Pinkerton depicts Western africa. Depicts africa roughly from the Salve Coast and Gold coast west through the Ivory Coast, Guinea, the Gambia and north past Cape Verde as far as Senegal. Including numerous fascinating Tribal references such as the Kingdom of Brak, the residence of the King of Geba or Cabo, the Foulahs of Guinea, and the Maniana Cannibals, among others. Offers interesting inland detail along the Niger River as far east as Timbuktu (Tombuctoo). The continent is bisected by the dramatic and mythical Mountains of Kong, which, based upon the explorations of Mungo Parks, were presumed to be the southern barrier to the Niger River valley. Much of the rest of the continent is blank and as such “unknown”. Drawn by L. Herbert and engraved by Samuel Neele under the direction of John Pinkerton. This map comes from the scarce American edition of Pinkerton’s Modern Atlas, published by Thomas Dobson & Co. of Philadelphia in 1818.
license:Public domain
7title: 1818 Pinkerton Map of Africa Geographicus - Africa-pinkerton-1818
artist: john pinkerton
date: 1818 (undated)
dimensions: Size unit=in width=20.5 height=28
source: pinkerton, J., A Modern Atlas, from the Lates and Best Authorities, Exhibiting the Various Divisions of the World with its chief Empires, Kingdoms, and States; in Sixty Maps, carefully reduced from the Larges and Most Authentic Sources. 1818, Philadelphia, Thomas Dobson Edition. Geographicus-source
credit: This file was provided to Wikimedia Commons by Geographicus Rare Antique Maps, a specialist dealer in rare maps and other cartography of the 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, as part of a cooperation project.
description: This is John Pinkerton's stunning 1818 map of africa. Nineteenth century mapmakers were particularly challenged by the difficult task of deciphering africa. Despite a fairly constant flow of information about the continent dating to the middle ages, much of the interior remained speculative at best. Pinkerton, straying from the path of his 18th century predecessors chooses to leave much of the interior blank and instead focuses known areas, or more precisely, areas perceived to be known. These include Mediterranean north africa, Egypt, Abyssinia, the western Niger valley, the Congo, South africa, and the lands of Monomotapa (Zimbabwe). Each of these regions have their own unique history of European contact. Egypt, along the Nile, had been well mapped even in Antiquity. The same is true of Christian Abysinnia who, through regular contact with the Coptic mother church in Egypt, was well known, if mostly unexplored by Europeans. The tale of European incursion and occupation of South africa could easily encompass volumes and explains Pinkerton's sophisticated mapping of this area. The Niger Valley and the Congo had been simultaneously exploited and explored by Portugal and later Belgium since the 1300s. Monomotapa, opposite the island of Madagascar, was a major stopping point on the Portuguese trade routes to India. Curiously this region has also been associated with King Solomon's Mines and Biblical legends of the Land of Ophir. Pinkerton doesn't specifically mention the Kingdom of Monomotapa, or Mutapa, which by this time had long fallen into decline, but he does he does identify several of its constituent states including Manica, Sabia, and Sofala, as well as the Rich Gold Mines supposedly found there. In truth this area was rich in gold, in the 1300s, but by the time the Europeans arrived, most of the mines had been tapped out. The remaining parts of the map are frequently quite vague. Pinkerton does note several important and recognizable African tribal groups including the Bushman of the Kalahari (Booshmanas), the Hottentots, the Massai, and others. north of the Monomotapa region we can find Lake Maravi, a long narrow lake oriented on a north-south axis. This lake, with its northern extremis speculatively ghosted, most likely represents Lake Malawi or Lake Tanganyika, or both. Curiously, just to the east of Maravi, Pinkerton maps an interesting apocryphal mountain range which he call the Backbone of the World. This range has variously been associated with the Mountains of the Moon, described by the 5th century Alexandrian geographer Claudius Ptolemy, and another independent range described by Arab cartographers. Regardless, the Backbone of the World, at least as it applies to this part of africa, never existed. Further north though, Pinkerton does map the Mountains of the Moon, which were said by Ptolemy to lie near two great lakes that were at the source of the White Nile. Today some regard this range and its lakes as speculative, but more likely it represents Ptolemy's very real knowledge of Lake Victoria and the Rwenzori Mountains. In any case Pinkerton makes the curious decision not to map the Ptolemaic Lakes, though does maintain the Mountains of the Moon, placing the source of the Nile there. To the west of the Mountains of the Moon Pinkerton draws a long mountain range called the Kong Mountains. This speculative was proposed by the explorations of Mungo Parks and were presumed to be the southern barrier to the Niger River valley. All in all, this is a spectacular map that stands up to hours of close examination - a fascinating addition to any africa collection. Drawn by L. Herbert and engraved by Samuel Neele under the direction of John Pinkerton. This map was issued in the scarce American edition of Pinkerton’s Modern Atlas, published by Thomas Dobson & Co. of Philadelphia in 1818.
license:Public domain
title: 1813 Pinkerton Map of Western Africa (Niger Valley Mountains of Kong) - Geographicus - WesternAfrica-pinkerton-1813
artist: john pinkerton
date: 1813 (dated)
dimensions: Size unit=in width=28 height=20.5
source: Geographicus-source
credit: This file was provided to Wikimedia Commons by Geographicus Rare Antique Maps, a specialist dealer in rare maps and other cartography of the 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, as part of a cooperation project.
description: This fascinating hand colored 1813 map by Edinburgh cartographer John Pinkerton depicts Western africa. Depicts africa roughly from the Salve Coast and Gold coast west through the Ivory Coast, Guinea, the Gambia and north past Cape Verde as far as Senegal. Including numerous fascinating Tribal references such as the Kingdom of Brak, the residence of the King of Geba or Cabo, the Foulahs of Guinea, and the Maniana Cannibals, among others. Offers interesting inland detail along the Niger River as far east as Timbuktu (Tombuctoo). The continent is bisected by the dramatic and mythical Mountains of Kong, which, based upon the explorations of Mungo Parks, were presumed to be the southern barrier to the Niger River valley. Much of the rest of the continent is blank and as such “unknown”. Published in November 1, 1813 by Cadell and Davies for inclusion in Pinkerton’s Modern Atlas.
license:Public domain
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