artist: unknown
medium: Oil on panel
dimensions: Size cm 71 56
current location: institution:Carnavalet
source: https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-de-la-vie-romantique/oeuvres/portrait-du-marechal-de-saxe
credit: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-de-la-vie-romantique/oeuvres/portrait-du-marechal-de-saxe">https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-de-la-vie-romantique/oeuvres/portrait-du-marechal-de-saxe</a>
description: Representation of the <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">declaration</u> of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789 <a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man_and_of_the_Citizen_in_1789.jpg#ooui-php-4" title="Edit this at Structured Data on Commons"><img alt="Edit this at Structured Data on Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" style="vertical-align: text-top" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></a>
license:Public domain
artist: <div class="fn value"> Unknown artist<span style="display: none;">Unknown artist</span> </div>
date: 1793<div style="display: none;">date QS:P571,+1793-00-00T00:00:00Z/9</div>
medium: en 1=Printing; Watercolor painting fr 1=gravure ; aquarelle ; encre de couleur
dimensions: fr 1=Hauteur 44.3 cm - Largeur
current location: Institution:Archives nationales (France)
source: Cote AE/II/3701 [http://www.histoire-image.org/site/etude_comp/etude_comp_detail.php?analyse_id=285&periode=a1789&from=rech_chrono histoire-image.org].
credit: Cote AE/II/3701 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.histoire-image.org/site/etude_comp/etude_comp_detail.php?analyse_id=285&periode=a1789&from=rech_chrono">histoire-image.org</a>.
license:Public domain
artist: unknown
date: 1793
medium: fr gravure; aquarelle; encre de couleur
dimensions: Size cm 44.3 31.4
current location: Archives nationales
source: http://www.histoire-image.org/site/etude_comp/etude_comp_detail.php?analyse_id=285&periode=a1789
credit: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.histoire-image.org/site/etude_comp/etude_comp_detail.php?analyse_id=285&periode=a1789">http://www.histoire-image.org/site/etude_comp/etude_comp_detail.php?analyse_id=285&periode=a1789</a>
license:Public domain
artist: <div class="fn value"> Unknown author<span style="display: none;">Unknown author</span> </div>
date: 1793<div style="display: none;">date QS:P571,+1793-00-00T00:00:00Z/9</div>
medium: Image fixe, nonprojected graphic, print 1 est. : eau-forte, coul. ; 39 x 26 cm (élt d'impr.)
current location: ARK-BNF|ark:/12148/cb40252515r
source: http://purl.stanford.edu/pj932cn6358 <br> OCLC|693260397
credit: <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://purl.stanford.edu/pj932cn6358">http://purl.stanford.edu/pj932cn6358</a> <br></p> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCLC" class="extiw" title="w:OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/693260397">693260397</a>
license:Public domain
artist: Bordes, J. Marie de
date: 1796<div style="display: none;">date QS:P571,+1796-00-00T00:00:00Z/9</div>
medium: ru 1=Книги fr 1=Livres en 1=Books zh 1=图书 pt 1=Livros ar 1=كتب es 1=Libros
dimensions: en 1=179 pages ; 19 centimeters
current location: ru|1=Библиотека Конгресса fr|1=Bibliothèque du Congrès en|1=Library of Congress zh|1=国会图书馆 pt|1=Biblioteca do Congresso ar|1=مكتبة الكونغرس es|1=Biblioteca del Congreso
source: http://dl.wdl.org/380/service/380.pdf * Gallery: http://www.wdl.org/en/item/380/
credit: <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://dl.wdl.org/380/service/380.pdf">http://dl.wdl.org/380/service/380.pdf</a> </p> <ul><li>Gallery: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/380/">http://www.wdl.org/en/item/380/</a> </li></ul>
description: The French Revolution of 1789 had enormous repercussions in France’s Caribbean colonies. In August 1791, slaves in the colony of Saint-Domingue staged a massive revolt, setting in train the chain of events that ultimately led to the founding of Haiti in 1804. In 1792, the <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> facto government of revolutionary France sent commissioners to the colony to enforce a decree by the National Assembly that enfranchised free blacks and mulattoes, but that did not yet free the colony’s slaves. Under growing pressure from the revolt and threatened by invading British forces, in late 1793 commissioner Léger Félicité Sonthonax issued a decree freeing the slaves. An estimated 10,000 French settlers from Saint-Domingue fled to the United States, where many of them agitated for the return of their colonial properties. This work of 1796, in French but published in Philadelphia, is an appeal for the protection and restoration of the former colonists’ rights. It is written with reference to the principles in the <em><u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">declaration</u> of the Rights and Duties of Man and of the Citizen</em>, drafted by the National Convention and put into effect on October 26, 1795, as a modified version of the original <em><u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">declaration</u> of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen</em>, adopted by the National Assembly in August 1789. <br>France--Colonies; Politics and government; Slavery
license:Public domain
artist: unknown
date: 1793<div style="display: none;">date QS:P571,+1793-00-00T00:00:00Z/9</div>
medium: Technique bronze
dimensions: Size cm 33 47
current location: Institution:Archives nationales (France)
source: Archives Nationales cooperation project
credit: This file was provided to Wikimedia Commons by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archives_Nationales_(France)" class="extiw" title="en:Archives Nationales (France)">Archives Nationales</a> as part of a cooperation project with <a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wikim%C3%A9dia_France" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wikimédia France">Wikimédia France</a>.
description: Ce texte gravé sur une plaque d'airain, fut rangé dans un coffre <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> bois <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> cèdre encastré en juillet 1792 dans une <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">des</u> pierres <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> la colonne <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> la Liberté, qui devait être élevée sur les ruines <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> la Bastille; il fut pilonné par le mouton national le 5 mai 1793, conformément au décret <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">du</u> 25 avril 1793, le texte étant rendu obsolète par le changement <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> régime survenu en septembre 1792 <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">et</u> l'élaboration concomitante d'une Nouvelle constitution <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">et</u> d'une déclaration révisée.
license:Public domain
artist: <div class="fn value"> <p>Print made by: James Gillray </p> <dl><dd>Published by: Hannah Humphrey</dd></dl> </div>
date: 1798<div style="display: none;">date QS:P571,+1798-00-00T00:00:00Z/9</div>
medium: paper
dimensions: : Height: 500 millimetres : Width: 387 millimetres
current location: Institution:British Museum
source: https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1851-0901-953
credit: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1851-0901-953">https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1851-0901-953</a>
description: A complicated and symmetrical design. Hoche, seated on a rainbow which spans a landscape undergoing military devastation, plays a guillotine as if it were a lyre. He is a handsome young man wearing only a cloak and sash in which is a pair of pistols. He has just kicked off his two heavy spurred jack-boots which fall towards the ground and is unconscious of a falling noose which is about to encircle his neck. His head is surrounded by a circular glory of rays which is framed by the winged and decollated heads of Jacobin cherubs shouting hymns of praise; three open books are the 'Marsellois Hymn' flanked by 'Ca Ira'. These cherubs, who completely encircle Hoche, wear bonnets-rouges; blood gushes from their necks. <p><br>Above Hoche are three platforms of cloud. The largest, above his head, supports the Jacobin table of the law (resembling French prints of the 'Déclaration <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">des</u> <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">droits</u> <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">l'homme</u> <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">et</u> <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">du</u> <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">citoyen</u>'), which dominates the design. It is in two tables, and on it are inscribed a reversal of the Commandments: 'Thou shalt Murder' [&c.]. This is framed by two fasces from which axes project. Above it is a triangle, enclosing the word 'equality', with a plumb-line to show that it is a level (cf. BMSat 8639). This is framed in a glory whose rays are represented by daggers and bayonets. Three concentric circles of winged heads surround the glory; the heads are of apes, asses, and goats. A monster with webbed wings, hooves, and a tail kneels on each side of the table of the law. That on the left has a heavy body with four heads: goat, ape, ass, and goose. The other has a scaly body with more vicious heads: a mastiff, serpent, crocodile, and a cock with flames darting from mouth and eyes. <br>Armies of Jacobins, naked except for bonnets-rouges and (in the foreground) huge sabots, frame this central design, the nearer figures resting on the two platforms of cloud just above the head of Hoche. Those on the left are led by victims of the Revolution, who carry placards showing their identity. First come 'Roland the Martyr' and 'Condorcet', holding 'progrès <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> l'esprit' and a bottle labelled 'Poison'. A man holds 'Recit <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> mes Perils', his neighbour strangles himself. 'Marat the Martyr' holds a dagger; two quasi-skeletons are 'Pétion starv'd [to] Death' and 'Barbaroux starved to Death'. A man in flames holds a faggot. All hold weapons, and massed undifferentiated heads recede in perspective. All of the corresponding crowd on the right are headless, blood gushing from their necks. They kneel in obeisance to Hoche, wearing sabots; all hold palm-branches and bonnets-rouges. <br>On the ground beneath the rainbow the republican army is charging unarmed fugitives. In the foreground lie a heap of headless corpses and a pile of heads. Soldiers fire at a prisoner. From the branch of a tree (right) hang two corpses; a sign points to 'la Vendee'. Churches and houses are blazing. A river divides the landscape, fugitives are driven into it, and bodies float down the stream. On the farther (left) side are tiny fugitives; the cottages are still intact. Above the blazing scene a corpse-like Fury strides through the air, a sword of flame in one hand, a bottle of vitriol or poison in the other. Liquid gushes also from her hideous pendent breasts, serpents form her hair, and fire issues from her slavering mouth. She is followed by a swarm of little monsters who, like her, have small webbed wings. These hold firebrands, chains, halters, daggers, &c. As a pendant to these creatures, a swarm of naked and winged Jacobins fly towards the ground on the left of the river, scattering 'Assignats'. 11 January? 1798 </p> <br>Hand-coloured etching and aquatint
license:Public domain
artist: <div class="fn value"> <p>Print made by: James Gillray </p> <dl><dd>Published by: Hannah Humphrey</dd></dl> </div>
date: 1798<div style="display: none;">date QS:P571,+1798-00-00T00:00:00Z/9</div>
medium: paper
dimensions: : Height: 500 millimetres : Width: 387 millimetres
current location: Institution:British Museum
source: https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1851-0901-953
credit: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1851-0901-953">https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1851-0901-953</a>
description: A complicated and symmetrical design. Hoche, seated on a rainbow which spans a landscape undergoing military devastation, plays a guillotine as if it were a lyre. He is a handsome young man wearing only a cloak and sash in which is a pair of pistols. He has just kicked off his two heavy spurred jack-boots which fall towards the ground and is unconscious of a falling noose which is about to encircle his neck. His head is surrounded by a circular glory of rays which is framed by the winged and decollated heads of Jacobin cherubs shouting hymns of praise; three open books are the 'Marsellois Hymn' flanked by 'Ca Ira'. These cherubs, who completely encircle Hoche, wear bonnets-rouges; blood gushes from their necks. <p><br>Above Hoche are three platforms of cloud. The largest, above his head, supports the Jacobin table of the law (resembling French prints of the 'Déclaration <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">des</u> <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">droits</u> <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">l'homme</u> <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">et</u> <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">du</u> <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">citoyen</u>'), which dominates the design. It is in two tables, and on it are inscribed a reversal of the Commandments: 'Thou shalt Murder' [&c.]. This is framed by two fasces from which axes project. Above it is a triangle, enclosing the word 'equality', with a plumb-line to show that it is a level (cf. BMSat 8639). This is framed in a glory whose rays are represented by daggers and bayonets. Three concentric circles of winged heads surround the glory; the heads are of apes, asses, and goats. A monster with webbed wings, hooves, and a tail kneels on each side of the table of the law. That on the left has a heavy body with four heads: goat, ape, ass, and goose. The other has a scaly body with more vicious heads: a mastiff, serpent, crocodile, and a cock with flames darting from mouth and eyes. <br>Armies of Jacobins, naked except for bonnets-rouges and (in the foreground) huge sabots, frame this central design, the nearer figures resting on the two platforms of cloud just above the head of Hoche. Those on the left are led by victims of the Revolution, who carry placards showing their identity. First come 'Roland the Martyr' and 'Condorcet', holding 'progrès <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> l'esprit' and a bottle labelled 'Poison'. A man holds 'Recit <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">de</u> mes Perils', his neighbour strangles himself. 'Marat the Martyr' holds a dagger; two quasi-skeletons are 'Pétion starv'd [to] Death' and 'Barbaroux starved to Death'. A man in flames holds a faggot. All hold weapons, and massed undifferentiated heads recede in perspective. All of the corresponding crowd on the right are headless, blood gushing from their necks. They kneel in obeisance to Hoche, wearing sabots; all hold palm-branches and bonnets-rouges. <br>On the ground beneath the rainbow the republican army is charging unarmed fugitives. In the foreground lie a heap of headless corpses and a pile of heads. Soldiers fire at a prisoner. From the branch of a tree (right) hang two corpses; a sign points to 'la Vendee'. Churches and houses are blazing. A river divides the landscape, fugitives are driven into it, and bodies float down the stream. On the farther (left) side are tiny fugitives; the cottages are still intact. Above the blazing scene a corpse-like Fury strides through the air, a sword of flame in one hand, a bottle of vitriol or poison in the other. Liquid gushes also from her hideous pendent breasts, serpents form her hair, and fire issues from her slavering mouth. She is followed by a swarm of little monsters who, like her, have small webbed wings. These hold firebrands, chains, halters, daggers, &c. As a pendant to these creatures, a swarm of naked and winged Jacobins fly towards the ground on the left of the river, scattering 'Assignats'. 11 January? 1798 </p> <br>Hand-coloured etching and aquatint
license:Public domain
artist: <bdi><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Jean-Jacques-Fran%C3%A7ois_Le_Barbier" class="extiw" title="w:en:Jean-Jacques-François Le Barbier"><span title="painter (1738-1826)">Jean-Jacques-François Le Barbier</span></a> </bdi>
date: 1789
credit: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-carnavalet/oeuvres/declaration-des-droits-de-l-homme-et-du-citoyen-4">Paris Musées</a> <a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg" class="image" title="Edit this at Structured Data on Commons"><img alt="Edit this at Structured Data on Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" style="vertical-align: text-top" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></a>
license:Public domain
artist: <bdi><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Jean-Jacques-Fran%C3%A7ois_Le_Barbier" class="extiw" title="w:en:Jean-Jacques-François Le Barbier"><span title="painter (1738-1826)">Jean-Jacques-François Le Barbier</span></a> </bdi>
date: 1789
credit: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-carnavalet/oeuvres/declaration-des-droits-de-l-homme-et-du-citoyen-5">Paris Musées</a> <a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg" class="image" title="Edit this at Structured Data on Commons"><img alt="Edit this at Structured Data on Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" style="vertical-align: text-top" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></a>
license:Public domain

