title: <div class="fn"> Leaf from an Arabic translation of the Materia Medica of Dioscorides ("Preparation of Medicine from Honey")</div>

artist: <div class="fn value"> unknown, Baghdad School, Iraq</div>

date: 1224<div style="display: none;">date QS:P571,+1224-00-00T00:00:00Z/9</div>

medium: Colors and gold on paper

dimensions: 31.8 x 21.6 cm

current location: New York, USA The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 13.152.6 Rogers Fund, 1913

source: http://camio.oclc.org/cdm4/item_viewer.php?FS=1&CISOROOT=%2FMZA&CISOPTR=1263&REC=1&DMTHUMB=0

credit: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://camio.oclc.org/cdm4/item_viewer.php?FS=1&amp;CISOROOT=%2FMZA&amp;CISOPTR=1263&amp;REC=1&amp;DMTHUMB=0">http://camio.oclc.org/cdm4/item_viewer.php?FS=1&amp;CISOROOT=%2FMZA&amp;CISOPTR=1263&amp;REC=1&amp;DMTHUMB=0</a>

title: <div class="fn"> <i>Oval Bowl with Enthronement Scene</i> </div>

artist: <div class="fn value"> <span lang="en">Anonymous</span> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Iran" class="extiw" title="w:en:Iran"><span title="sovereign state in Western Asia">Iran</span></a>)<span style="display:none">Unknown author</span> </div>

date: 7^th century <div style="display: none;">date QS:P571,+650-00-00T00:00:00Z/7</div> (Sassanian-early Islamic)

medium: hammered and carved silver

dimensions: size cm 8 26.2 9.5

current location: Acquired by Henry Walters

credit: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Walters_Art_Museum" class="extiw" title="w:en:Walters Art Museum"><span title="art museum in Baltimore, Maryland, USA">Walters Art Museum</span></a>: <a href="https://thewalters.org/" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Nuvola filesystems folder home.svg" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Nuvola_filesystems_folder_home.svg/20px-Nuvola_filesystems_folder_home.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Nuvola_filesystems_folder_home.svg/30px-Nuvola_filesystems_folder_home.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Nuvola_filesystems_folder_home.svg/40px-Nuvola_filesystems_folder_home.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thewalters.org/">Home page</a> <a href="https://art.thewalters.org/detail/20786" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Information icon.svg" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/20px-Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/30px-Information_icon.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/40px-Information_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://art.thewalters.org/detail/20786">Info about artwork</a>

title: History of Babylon and Nineveh

artist: Muhammad Ali Khan Arshi

date: 1900<div style="display: none;">date QS:P571,+1900-00-00T00:00:00Z/9</div>

medium: ru 1=Книги fr 1=Livres en 1=Books zh 1=图书 pt 1=Livros ar 1=كتب es 1=Libros

dimensions: en 1=192 pages ; 20.7 x 12.8 centimeters

current location: ru|1=Правительственный колледж, Лахор fr|1=Université du collège du gouvernement de Lahore en|1=Government College University Lahore zh|1=拉合尔政府学院大学 pt|1=Universidade do Governo de Lahore ar|1=جامعة كلية الحكومة، لاهور es|1=Colegio Universitario Gubernamental, Lahore

source: http://dl.wdl.org/9696/service/9696.pdf * Gallery: http://www.wdl.org/en/item/9696/

credit: <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://dl.wdl.org/9696/service/9696.pdf">http://dl.wdl.org/9696/service/9696.pdf</a> </p> <ul><li>Gallery: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/9696/">http://www.wdl.org/en/item/9696/</a> </li></ul>

description: <em>Tarikh e Babul Wa Nainawa</em> (History of Babylon and Nineveh) is a history in Urdu of these two <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">ancient</u> cities. Babylon was founded early in the third millennium BC, at a site between the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers, south of present-day <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">baghdad</u>, Iraq. It became important under Hammurabi (ruled 1792–50 BC), was ruled by the Neo-Babylonian emperor Nebuchadnezzar II (circa 634–562 BC, reigned circa 605–562 BC), and was conquered by Alexander the Great in 331 BC. Nineveh was on the east bank of the Tigris in <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">ancient</u> Assyria, across the river from the modern city of Mosul, Iraq. Settlement at Nineveh first occurred by about 6000 BC, and by 2000 BC the city was a center of worship of the fertility goddess Ishtar. Sennacherib (ruled 704–681 BC) transformed Nineveh into a magnificent city with new streets, squares, and a canal system within a walled area and built a vast and splendid palace. After Nineveh fell to the Medes and Babylonians in 612 BC, the city was destroyed and never regained its earlier significance. Besides giving the early history of Babylon and Nineveh, the author details natural disasters and discusses the religious, socio-political, and cultural aspects of life in the two cities. <br>Babylon (Extinct city); Nineveh (Extinct city)

title: The Constellations

artist: Sufi, ʻAbd al-Rahman ibn ʻUmar (903-986)

date: 1417<div style="display: none;">date QS:P571,+1417-00-00T00:00:00Z/9</div>

medium: ru 1=Рукописи fr 1=Manuscrits en 1=Manuscripts zh 1=手稿 pt 1=Manuscritos ar 1=مخطوطات es 1=Manuscritos

dimensions: en 1=176 leaves (19 lines), bound : paper, colored illustrations ; 25 x 15 centimeters

current location: ru|1=Библиотека Конгресса fr|1=Bibliothèque du Congrès en|1=Library of Congress zh|1=国会图书馆 pt|1=Biblioteca do Congresso ar|1=مكتبة الكونغرس es|1=Biblioteca del Congreso

source: http://www.wdl.org/media/2484/service/thumbnail/6000x6000/1/1.jpg * Gallery: http://www.wdl.org/en/item/2484/

credit: <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.wdl.org/media/2484/service/thumbnail/6000x6000/1/1.jpg">http://www.wdl.org/media/2484/service/thumbnail/6000x6000/1/1.jpg</a> </p> <ul><li>Gallery: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/2484/">http://www.wdl.org/en/item/2484/</a> </li></ul>

description: The astronomer ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Umar al-Sufi, commonly known as al-Sufi, was born in Persia (present-day Iran) in 903 A.D. and died in 986. He worked in Isfahan and in <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">baghdad</u>, and is known for his translation from Greek into Arabic of the <em>Almagest</em> by the <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">ancient</u> astronomer Ptolemy. Al-Sufi’s most famous work is <em>Kitab suwar al-kawakib</em> (Book of the constellations of the fixed stars), which he published around 964. In this work, al-Sufi describes the 48 constellations that were established by Ptolemy and adds criticisms and corrections of his own. For each of the constellations, he provides the indigenous Arab names for their stars, drawings of the constellations, and a table of stars showing their locations and magnitude. Al-Sufi’s book spurred further work on astronomy in the Arabic and Islamic worlds, and exercised a huge influence on the development of science in Europe. The work was frequently copied and translated. This copy, from the collections of the Library of Congress, was produced somewhere in south or central Asia, circa 1730, and is an exact copy of a manuscript, now lost, prepared for Ulug Beg of Samarkand (present-day Uzbekistan) in 1417 [820 A.H.]. The Bibliothèque nationale de France has a manuscript of the <em>Kitab suwar al-kawakib</em> that was prepared for Ulug Beg in 1436. <br>Arabic manuscripts; Astronomy; Constellations; Stars

title: Cairo, Jerusalem, and Damascus- (1912) (14783076325)

artist: <div class="fn value"> Walter Spencer-Stanhope Tyrwhitt (W.S.S Tyrwhitt R.B.A.) 1859-1932</div>

date: 1912<div style="display: none;">date QS:P571,+1912-00-00T00:00:00Z/9</div>

source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14783076325/ * Source book page: https://archive.org/stream/cairojerusalemda01marg/cairojerusalemda01marg#page/n210/mode/1up

credit: <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14783076325/">https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14783076325/</a> </p> <ul><li>Source book page: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/stream/cairojerusalemda01marg/cairojerusalemda01marg#page/n210/mode/1up">https://archive.org/stream/cairojerusalemda01marg/cairojerusalemda01marg#page/n210/mode/1up</a> </li></ul>

description: <br><p><b>Identifier</b>: cairojerusalemda01marg (<a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&amp;profile=default&amp;fulltext=Search&amp;search=insource%3A%2Fcairojerusalemda01marg%2F">find matches</a>)<br><b>Title</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookidcairojerusalemda01marg">Cairo, Jerusalem, and Damascus:</a><br><b>Year</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookyear1912">1912</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookdecade1910">1910s</a>)<br><b>Authors</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookauthorMargoliouth__David_Samuel__1858_1940___from_old_catalog_">Margoliouth, David Samuel, 1858-1940. (from old catalog)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookauthorTyrwhitt__Walter_Spencer_Stanhope__1859_1932___from_old_catalog__illus">Tyrwhitt, Walter Spencer-Stanhope, 1859-1932, (from old catalog) illus</a><br><b>Subjects</b>: <br><b>Publisher</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookpublisherNew_York__Dodd__Mead_and_company">New York, Dodd, Mead and company</a><br><b>Contributing Library</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookcontributorThe_Library_of_Congress">The Library of Congress</a><br><b>Digitizing Sponsor</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/booksponsorThe_Library_of_Congress">The Library of Congress</a><br><br><b>View Book Page</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/cairojerusalemda01marg/cairojerusalemda01marg#page/n210/mode/1up">Book Viewer</a><br><b>About This Book</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cairojerusalemda01marg">Catalog Entry</a><br><b>View All Images</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookidcairojerusalemda01marg">All Images From Book</a><br> Click here to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/cairojerusalemda01marg/cairojerusalemda01marg#page/n210/mode/1up"><b>view book online</b></a> to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.<br><br><b>Text Appearing Before Image:</b><br><i>sha the wholebuilding with the exception of the wall containingthe Kiblah was in ruins. During his government itwas restored, and various repairs hâve at différenttimes been executed by order of the Committee. Aninscription in the sanctuary records some restorationsdonc by order of Ibrahim Pasha, son of MohammedAli, and some are recorded as having been executedunder a yet earlier Ibrahim Pasha, who governedEgypt as viceroy for the Turks at the end of the six-teenth century. The partial destruction of the mosque must hâvetaken place after 1826, when a plan was made—pub-lished in Costes Illustrations of Cairene Architect-ture—which represents ail four cloisters as com-plète. The work done under Ibrahim and IsmailPashas must hâve been inadéquate, since the plan of1890 shows only the sanctuary, or southeast, liwan asstanding, with the rest in ruins. The work done bythe Committee in 1890 and later consisted in restoringthe sanctuary and rendering it fît for public worship, (188)</i><br><b>Text Appearing After Image:</b><br><i>THE DOME OF EL MOAIYAD FKOM BAB ZUWEYLEH, DAMASCUS. THE EARLY CIRCASSIAN MAMELUKES repaîring the great perron by whîch the mosque îsentered, and completing the minarets. Two years before the érection of this wonderfulédifice a school was built in the <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">ancient</u> région Be-tween the Two Walls, sometimes called the FakhriSchool after its founder Fakhr al-din, Vizier of theSultan Muayyad, but better known as the GirlsSchool. Its founder had an unenviable réputation : He combined the tyranny of the Armenians withthe cunning of the Christians, the devilry of the Coptsand the injustice of the tax-gatherers, being by originan Armenian, and trained among the other threeclasses mentioned. He at one time had to flee tothe Kan of <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">baghdad</u>, but found means to regain thefavour of the Egyptian Sultan, who had in him aconvenient instrument for the extortion of moneyfrom his subjects. In 1852 it was restored by a wifeof Mohammed Ali, but has since undergone furtheraltérations. To a compétent rule</i><br><br><b>Note About Images</b><br></p> <i>Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.</i>

title: Travels in Georgia, Persia, Armenia, ancient Babylonia, &c. &c. - during the years 1817, 1818, 1819, and 1820 (1821) (14774757051)

artist: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/people/126377022@N07">Internet Archive Book Images</a>

date: 1821

source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14774757051/ * Source book page: https://archive.org/stream/travelsingeorgia02port/travelsingeorgia02port#page/n382/mode/1up

credit: <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14774757051/">https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14774757051/</a> </p> <ul><li>Source book page: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/stream/travelsingeorgia02port/travelsingeorgia02port#page/n382/mode/1up">https://archive.org/stream/travelsingeorgia02port/travelsingeorgia02port#page/n382/mode/1up</a> </li></ul>

description: <br><p><b>Identifier</b>: travelsingeorgia02port (<a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&amp;profile=default&amp;fulltext=Search&amp;search=insource%3A%2Ftravelsingeorgia02port%2F">find matches</a>)<br><b>Title</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookidtravelsingeorgia02port">Travels in Georgia, Persia, Armenia, <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">ancient</u> Babylonia, &amp;c. &amp;c. : during the years 1817, 1818, 1819, and 1820</a><br><b>Year</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookyear1821">1821</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookdecade1820">1820s</a>)<br><b>Authors</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookauthorPorter__Robert_Ker__Sir__1777_1842">Porter, Robert Ker, Sir, 1777-1842</a><br><b>Subjects</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/booksubjectPorter__Robert_Ker__Sir__1777_1842">Porter, Robert Ker, Sir, 1777-1842</a><br><b>Publisher</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookpublisherLondon___Longman__Hurst__Rees__Orme__and_Brown">London : Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown</a><br><b>Contributing Library</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookcontributorTisch_Library">Tisch Library</a><br><b>Digitizing Sponsor</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/booksponsorBoston_Library_Consortium_Member_Libraries">Boston Library Consortium Member Libraries</a><br><br><b>View Book Page</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/travelsingeorgia02port/travelsingeorgia02port#page/n382/mode/1up">Book Viewer</a><br><b>About This Book</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/travelsingeorgia02port">Catalog Entry</a><br><b>View All Images</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/tags/bookidtravelsingeorgia02port">All Images From Book</a><br> Click here to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/travelsingeorgia02port/travelsingeorgia02port#page/n382/mode/1up"><b>view book online</b></a> to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.<br><br><b>Text Appearing Before Image:</b><br><i>square court, partially shaded with date-trees, andevery where else totally filled up with accumulations of rubbishof every possible description. I made this peep behind thecurtain, during my visit to the governor of the district; to whoseattentions^ the pasha of Bagdad (under whom he serves) hadrecommended me ; and I found also, that- my passage throughhis excellencys state chambers demanded as many golden keysas any where else. In short, every attendant officer stands withan open hand for money ; though they are certainly contentedwith smaller sums than are grasped at by similar cormorants inPersia. Excepting the governors residence, no house of anyrespectable front, presents itself along the waters edge; yet thestretching, unbroken walls of the place, give it a shew of con-sequence ; and the minarets of the only mosque • it contains,rising from behind the battlements, and mingling with thefeathery tops of the trees, add greatly to the character of the view. ^ * See Plate LXXXII.</i><br><b>Text Appearing After Image:</b><br><i>I ^S^ eJCV ^ BANKS OF THE EUPHRATES. 335 The whole of the town, towards the desert, is defended by apretty deep ditch, overlooked by a proportionate number ofbrick-built towers, (all the spoil of Babylon,) flanking the inter-mediate compartments of wall. Three gates open from thisrampart; namely, that of Nejef, or Imaun Ali ; that of Tha-masia, and that of Hossein or Kerbela. All these gates lead tothe places whence they take their names. As far as the eye canreach from the town, both up and down the Euphrates, thebanks appear to be thickly shaded with groves of date-trees ;displacing, it should seem, the other beautiful species of treesin its noblest growth, from which Isaiah names this scene the Brook, or Valley of Willows ; though the humbler races ofthat graceful tribe, in the osier, &amp;c. are yet the prolific offspringof its shores. To the north-west, not far from the Kerbela gate, and in themidst of the gardens, rises the mosque called Mesched Esshems,surmounted by an obelisk</i><br><br><b>Note About Images</b><br></p> <i>Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.</i>

title: <div class="fn"> A high angle view showing the street entrance to the Ibn Sina Army Hospital, located in the International Zone in central Baghdad, Iraq. (Ibn Sina (Avicenna) is the founder of medicine in the ancient Arab world. Photographed during Operation IRAQI FREEDOM</div>

artist: unknown

date: 10 July 2005

credit: This file was contributed to Wikimedia Commons by <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59661040" class="extiw" title="d:Q59661040"><span title="reference unit of the National Archives and Records Administration">National Archives at College Park - Still Pictures</span></a> as part of a cooperation project. The donation was facilitated by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Public_Library_of_America" class="extiw" title="w:Digital Public Library of America">Digital Public Library of America</a>, via its partner National Archives and Records Administration.<span style="text-align:left"> <ul> <li>National Archives Identifier: 6657665</li> <li>Source record: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/6657665">http://catalog.archives.gov/id/6657665</a> </li> <li>DPLA identifier: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dp.la/item/00bda47f4ea6ed50c3565c257b6f2213">00bda47f4ea6ed50c3565c257b6f2213</a> </li> </ul></span>

description: <div class="description"> The original finding aid described this photograph as: Subject Operation/Series: IRAQI FREEDOM Base: <u style="background-color:yellow;" class="">baghdad</u> Country: Iraq (IRQ) Scene Camera Operator: Jim Gordon, CIV Release Status: Released to Public</div>